How long can you live with lung cancer that has metastasized

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When you’re first diagnosed, you’ll naturally be looking at the lung cancer survival rate statistics which are undeniably daunting and bleak. Just 19% of those diagnosed at stage 4 survive more than 12 months.1 But now more than ever, those living with lung cancer are living better, longer lives thanks to the power of research and advancements in treatment.

It’s true that life expectancy statistics don’t paint a pretty picture, and it’s so normal to feel anxious, worried, concerned, and fearful about the future. But advances in science and research mean we’re seeing new and emerging treatments, together with greater research, and those living with lung cancer can participate in an increasing number of clinical trials.

  1. Cancer Australia. Relative survival by stage at diagnosis (lung cancer). Available at: https://ncci.canceraustralia.gov.au/outcomes/relative-survival-rate/relative-survival-stage-diagnosis-lung-cancer. Accessed April 2020.


How long do you live with stage four lung cancer? When people ask that question, I think, I remember the time when I first saw the statistics on Google about stage four lung cancer and how scared I felt when I looked at the numbers. Over the years I’ve learned that it’s about how you interpret statistics rather than the numbers itself.

Numbers may be low, but they may also represent what was available at the time in terms of treatment, and because statistics represent numbers from years ago, and knowing now that there are so many new advancing research, advancing therapies that are improving the outcomes of stage four lung cancer, I know that those statistics are changing and it’s so important to keep that in mind when you look at the numbers.

I’ve lived now with stage four lung cancer for more than five years, and over the years I’ve seen so many stories, so many patients experiences that defy statistics, so remember that, and if you need help, if you want support, please reach out to your medical team and to Lung Foundation Australia. There are more details below. Lung Cancer Search and Rescue. Hope in every breath.

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How long can you live with lung cancer that has metastasized

Lillian, 39 NSW

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Lung Foundation Australia is here to help you lead the best life you can by connecting you and your loved ones to support and care, linking you to life-saving clinical trials and supporting active participation in lung health research. Connect with us today to find out more or to access support.

  • 2 Types of Lung Cancer
    • What are the different types of lung cancer?
  • Warnings Signs
    • What are the warning signs of lung cancer?
  • Diagnosis & Screenings
    • How is lung cancer diagnosed?
  • Related Resources
    • Related Resources - Can You Survive Metastatic Lung Cancer?

How long can you live with lung cancer that has metastasized

Once cancer spreads to other parts of the body (metastasis), it is much harder to treat, which means metastatic lung cancer typically has a five-year survival rate of seven percent.

Lung cancer, also called malignant lung carcinoma, is an uncontrolled growth (proliferation) of cells starting in the lungs. It can arise in any part of the lung, but 95 percent of cancers surface from the epithelial cell lining of the bronchi and bronchioles (the network of airways in the lungs). It is one of the most common causes of cancer-related deaths in both men and women throughout the world. 

Metastasis occurs when cancer spreads to other parts of the body beyond the primary tumor (the lungs in this case). Metastatic cancer is typically difficult to treat and has a five-year survival rate of only seven percent, which means that people with this type of cancer, on average, have a seven percent chance to live for at least five years after diagnosis compared to people who don’t have that cancer.

Newer therapies, such as targeted treatments and immunotherapies, have increased the survival rates of metastatic lung cancer. However, the survival rates of lung cancer, in general, are still higher when diagnosed and treated early.

Treatment options for lung cancer include:

  • Surgery to remove part or all the lungs
  • Chemotherapy (refers to a drug treatment that can kill cancer cells and shrink tumors)
  • Radiation therapy (uses high-energy rays to kill cancerous cells)
  • Radio-frequency ablation (wherein a thin needle is inserted, and an electric current is used to destroy cancer cells)
  • Targeted therapy (targets a specific cell behavior to prevent tumor growth)
  • Immunotherapy (helps the body fight cancer cells)
  • Palliative therapy (includes pain relief, oxygen therapy and other treatments to help manage symptoms and complications)

What are the different types of lung cancer?

Lung cancers are broadly classified into two types based on the microscopic appearance of tumor cells. These two types of cancers grow, spread and are treated in different ways.

  1. Small cell lung cancers (SCLC): comprises about 10 to 15 percent of lung cancer cases. It is the most aggressive and rapidly growing of all types and is strongly related to cigarette smoking. SCLCs metastasize rapidly to many sites within the body and are mostly discovered after they have spread extensively.
  2. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): the most common lung cancer, accounting for about 85 percent of all cases. NSCLC has three main subcategories designated by the type of cells found in the tumor, which include:
    • Adenocarcinomas: the most common type and starts in mucus-secreting gland cells in the lining of the airways.
    • Squamous cell carcinoma: develops in the flat cells that cover the surface of the airways and tends to grow near the center of the lung.
    • Large cell carcinoma: sometimes referred to as undifferentiated carcinomas, this is the least common type of NSCLC, with cancer cells appearing large and round under the microscope.

How is lung cancer diagnosed?

People with an increased risk of lung cancer may consider annual lung cancer screening using low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) scans. Lung cancer screening is generally recommended for older adults who have smoked heavily (30 pack-years, defined as one pack per day for 30 years or two packs per day for 15 years), currently smoke or have quit smoking within the past 15 years.

For the diagnosis of lung cancer, the doctor will take the detailed medical history and perform a physical examination of the patient. The tests preferred to diagnose lung cancer are:

  • X-ray, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans
  • Sputum cytology
  • Biopsy using bronchoscopy, fine needle aspiration
  • Mediastinoscopy
  • Positron emission tomography (PET) and bone scans

How long can you live with lung cancer that has metastasized

SLIDESHOW

Lung Cancer: Early Signs, Symptoms, Stages See Slideshow

Medically Reviewed on 7/29/2021

References

Tan WW. Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC). Medscape. https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/279960-overview

Tan WW. Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC). Medscape. https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/280104-overview

What is life expectancy for metastatic lung cancer?

For regional NSCLC, which means the cancer has spread outside of the lung to nearby lymph nodes, the 5-year survival rate is about 35%. When cancer has spread to distant parts of the body, called metastatic lung cancer, the 5-year survival rate is 7%.

How serious is metastatic lung cancer?

Cancer that metastasizes to the lungs from other areas is a life-threatening condition that develops when cancer in another area of the body spreads to the lung. Cancer that develops at any primary site can form metastatic tumors. These tumors are capable of spreading to the lungs.

How fast does metastatic lung cancer progress?

Studies have shown that lung cancer doubling time can vary, from 229 days to 647 days in one study, depending upon the type. 7 It's possible that some types of lung cancer progress within weeks to months, while others may take years to grow.

What are the signs of end stage lung cancer?

Symptoms that are common towards the end of life in lung cancer include pain, dyspnoea, delirium and respiratory secretions. Such symptoms need to be anticipated and addressed promptly with appropriate medications and explanations to the patient and family.