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What Is Polycystic Kidney Disease? This illustration shows a kidney afflicted by polycystic Kidney Disease (PCKD) compared with a healthy kidney. Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a common genetic disorder that causes cysts to form in the kidneys and kidney enlargement. Polycystic kidney disease is a progressive illness and it can affect other organs in the body, such as the liver, pancreas, and spleen. About half of all ADPKD patients will require a dialysis or kidney transplant by the age of 60. ADPKD occurs in about 1 out of 1,000 people. Patients with polycystic kidney disease are also at higher risk for intracranial aneurysms. What Are the Symptoms of Polycystic Kidney Disease?The most common symptom of polycystic kidney disease is pain in the abdomen. Pain may also radiate to the sides (flank), pelvis, back, or chest. Other symptoms of polycystic kidney disease may include:
What Causes Polycystic Kidney Disease?The cause of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a genetic mutation of one of two genes affecting kidney development and function. If one parent has the disease, there is a 50% chance they will pass it on to their children. How Is Polycystic Kidney Disease Diagnosed?Polycystic kidney disease is typically diagnosed using imaging studies such as:
Other diagnostic testing may include:
Genetic testing may be indicated for family members or offspring of symptomatic patients. This is especially important in family members of patients who may be considered as a kidney donor. Intracranial aneurysms occur twice as often in patients with ADPKD compared to the general population. For this reason, patients with ADPKD should be screened for signs of intracranial aneurysms if surgery is planned, if there are neurologic symptoms, or if the patient experiences any suspected signs of stroke. SLIDESHOWKidney Stones: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment See SlideshowWhat Is the Treatment for Polycystic Kidney Disease?Polycystic kidney disease often can lead to kidney failure, so treatment for ADPKD is aimed at slowing kidney function decline and includes:
Medications
Pain management
Renal replacement therapy for end-stage renal disease (ESRD)
Management of intracranial aneurysmsSurveillance of aneurysms is necessary because treatment in patients with ADPKD is complicated What are the Risks and Complications of Polycystic Kidney Disease?If not well-managed, polycystic kidney disease may progress more rapidly, leading to end-stage renal disease (ESRD), which requires renal replacement therapy such as:
Intracranial aneurysms are more common in patients with polycystic kidney disease and can cause complications such as:
What Is the Life Expectancy for Polycystic Kidney Disease?Life expectancy depends on the severity and the progression of the disease to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Patients who develop renal failure early in their lives will have more complications and a shorter life span. Most patients do not begin to develop problems until their 30s, and if the condition is well-managed can live a near-normal lifespan. Patients who receive kidney transplants can also increase their life expectancy. Can You Prevent Polycystic Kidney Disease?Since polycystic kidney disease is a genetic disorder, it cannot be prevented. Once a patient is diagnosed with the disease, symptoms and complications may be slowed if the illness is well managed. References Medscape Medical Reference Can you live a long life with polycystic kidney disease?No. About 50 percent of people with PKD will have kidney failure by age 60, and about 60 percent will have kidney failure by age 70. People with kidney failure will need dialysis or a kidney transplant.
Does PKD shorten life expectancy?PKD can shorten a person's life span, especially if the disease isn't managed effectively. Roughly 60 percent of people with PKD develop kidney failure by age 70, reports the National Kidney Foundation.
What is the survival rate for polycystic kidney disease?The 5-year survival rate of PKD patients on RRT (censored for transplantation and adjusted for age) improved from 26 to 84%, with the percentage increase between each successive time period being 123, 7, 21, 19 and 7.4%. The percentage of deaths on RRT due to cerebrovascular disease declined from 15 to 6%.
Is polycystic kidney fatal?Autosomal recessive PKD (ARPKD)
About half of people with ADPKD will have kidney failure by age 70. Over time, ADPKD can also affect other organs, especially the liver. ARPKD causes cysts to grow in your kidneys. It can be severe and deadly for newborn babies.
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What is the life expectancy of someone with polycystic kidney disease
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