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Update | Cancel In the early 1800s, vast land areas in Australia became available for grazing cattle. The cattle raised on these lands became so wild and intractable that the traditional European herding breeds that had proved satisfactory on tamer cattle were no longer suited for the job. A dog was needed that could withstand traveling long distances over rough terrain in hot weather and that could control cattle without barking (which only served to make wild cattle wilder). In 1840, a man named Hall bred some smooth blue merle Highland Collies to Dingos, producing a strain known as Hall’s Heelers. One particularly influential dog was named Bentley’s Dog, and is credited with originating the white blaze found on the head of Australian Cattle Dogs today. Other breeders crossed their Hall’s Heelers with other breeds, including the Bull Terrier, Dalmatian, and, later, Black and Tan Kelpie, a sheepherding breed. The result was a dog with the herding instincts of the Collie and Kelpie, the endurance, ruggedness, and quiet style of the Dingo, and the horse sense and protectiveness of the Dalmatian, all with a distinctively patterned coat. As the dogs became increasingly vital to the cattle industry of Queensland, they gained the name Queensland Blue Heeler. They later became known as Australian Heeler, and then Australian Cattle Dog. A standard for the breed, emphasizing the Dingo characteristics, was drawn up in 1897. The Australian Cattle Dog was slow to catch on in America, however, perhaps because the breed bore little resemblance to established herding breeds. When given a chance, they proved their merits and were welcomed as herders and pets. The AKC recognized the breed in 1980. Known as the Blue Heeler, or the Australian Cattle Dog (ACD), this breed hails from Australia and can trace its roots all the way back to the wild Dingo. They were bred specifically to drive cattle over long distances and often across rough terrain. They received their “Heeler” nickname due to their common habit of nipping at cattle’s heels to herd them. These dogs are most well-known in the United States by their Blue Heeler or Australian Cattle Dog names, but they are also sometimes called Australian Heeler, Queensland Heeler, and Halls Heeler. The American Kennel Club (AKC) officially recognized the Australian Cattle Dog in 1980 and the ACD was a charter member of the Herding Group when it was established in 1983. Blue Heelers are affectionate with their human families – and other pets too. Sometimes called a “velcro” dog, the Blue Heeler gets close to their owner and family quickly, but they will also tend to bond with one person much more closely than any other in the family. These dogs tend to be brave, loyal, and friendly to children and other dogs in the family. They can have a high prey drive so will need socialization and training around other pets in the household. When it comes to strangers, they tend to be cautious, watchful, and aloof. Their protective nature puts them on alert. As long as they are properly socialized, they will warm up once introduced. Australian Cattle Dogs tend to be moderately adaptable dogs. Between their high energy and working dog nature, they don’t tend to do well in apartments and are a much better fit for homes with fenced yards where they can run. As one of the best dog breeds for farms, they also thrive in agricultural settings. Although they have short coats, these dogs do well in most climates. They are sensitive to heat. They can handle some cold, but are not a cold-weather or snow dog breed. Blue Heelers bond closely with their families, which means that they do not like to be left alone for long periods of time. Potential health concerns to be aware of in an Australian Cattle Dog can include elbow dysplasia, hip dysplasia, progressive retinal atrophy, and deafness. Good breeding practices make a big difference in the health of puppies. Reputable breeders will screen their dogs to avoid passing preventable issues to puppies, so make sure you ask about the health and genetic history of both parents. You can also ask about any health tests or clearances that have been done. The Blue Heeler is an energetic and highly intelligent working dog. As one of the smartest dog breeds, they do not have any issues picking up commands quickly. But, this does mean that they get bored easily and need training to be kept interesting. As a classic working dog, they need a job to do to be happy and healthy. Their high energy can be an obstacle for first-time owners, so puppy training classes are recommended. In addition to better training techniques, there are also socialization opportunities and other benefits of puppy training classes. An Australian Cattle Dog’s coat is short, smooth, and water-resistant. They do have a double coat and they will shed their undercoat twice a year. Brushing a few times a week and an occasional bath are usually enough to keep this dog’s coat healthy and looking great. More frequent brushing is recommended when they shed their undercoat. It’s not a bad idea to make sure you have a short-bristle brush and a shedding blade in your collection of dog grooming brushes. In addition to coat care, you will also need to take care of your Blue Heeler’s nails, ears, and teeth. Nail trims once or twice monthly keep nails from growing too long. Weekly ear checks with careful cleanings as needed help prevent ear infections. Daily tooth brushing in addition to cleanings at the vet when needed can help prevent painful dental diseases later in life. The Australian Cattle Dog is a high-energy working dog. They need a lot of daily activity and a job to do to be happy and healthy. Daily walks plus some playtime, time to run, and other activities are usually enough, but they will likely be up for more activity if you are. These dogs are athletic and versatile working dogs, so once they are finished growing, you can try a lot of different activities with them. They’re known for being one of the sturdy dog breeds for outdoor adventures and also a great candidate for a variety of dog sports. A fully-grown Blue Heeler usually stands 17-20 inches tall and weighs 35-50 pounds. Australian Cattle Dogs generally live for 12-16 years on average. One of the facts about Blue Heelers is that Heeler puppies are born with a white coat that turns into the blue-gray “Blue Heeler” or the red “Red Heeler” coat. Both varieties feature the distinctive speckled or mottled patterns that Australian Cattle Dogs are known for. Australian Cattle Dog puppies usually develop their coat colors after a few weeks and the patterned coat should be coming in clearly by around 6 weeks. Featured Blue Heeler – Australian Cattle Dog Article 8 Facts About Blue HeelersThe Australian Cattle Dog, also known as a Blue Heeler, is hardworking & loves their family. Here are a few more facts about Blue Heelers: Read More 10 Best Dog Breeds For FarmsThere are some dogs that love nothing more than to help you with daily tasks around the farm. Here are some of the best dog breeds for farms: Read More 20 Sturdy Dog Breeds for Outdoor AdventuresIf you’re someone who loves the outdoors and staying active with your dog, here are a few sturdy dog breeds for outdoor adventures: How much is an Australian cattle puppy?The purchase price for Australian cattle dogs varies significantly, from about $250 all the way up to $3,000. Many factors can affect pricing, from the dog's exact family tree to the breeder's location. Adopting an Australian cattle dog is cheaper than buying one, but seek a breed-specific rescue for best results.
What's the difference between a Blue Heeler and an Australian Cattle Dog?The Blue Heeler is one color of Australian Cattle Dog, while Australian Cattle Dogs come in a few other colors. The Blue Heeler is the same breed as the Australian Cattle Dog. The only thing that can help you tell them apart is their color; the Blue Heeler has a blue coat.
Do Australian Cattle Dogs make good house pets?Personality and Temperament
Australian Cattle Dogs do not make good sedentary house pets and require a job as an outlet for their high-energy personality. They will try to herd small children, and some adults, so supervision is needed.
Are Australian Cattle Dogs barkers?Loyal to their owners and wary of strangers, they are fiercely protective when used as a watch dog, although they are not barkers. The Australian cattle dog tends to be aggressive with other dogs and may display dominance and herding behaviors toward children.
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